采風，一場穿越千年的創作體驗

陳淡寧

5月7日到13日，浙江省攝影家協會組織了浙江攝影家浙東“唐詩之路”采風活動。采風團一行20人從杭州出發，前往新昌、天臺、奉化，最后回到杭州。

“這次出去采風的都是浙江攝影界的精兵強將?！辈娠L團領隊、浙江省攝影家協會秘書長毛小芳向筆者介紹，每位參加采風的攝影家均自報創作選題，晚上有輪值討論會，并邀請當地攝友旁聽、參與討論會，還和途經市縣攝協會員舉辦講座點評交流活動，“這既是一次影像理念的傳播，又是一次跨界藝術家的駐留創作?！?/p>

“這次是攝影協會的集體采風，之后會有小分隊繼續深入創作?！泵》颊f，根據采風創作的情況，攝影協會已經將相應的成果展列入了計劃：“設想在2019年舉辦浙江攝影家浙東唐詩之路影像文獻展?！?img alt="" src="https://cimg.fx361.com/images/2018/07/07/qkimageswhjlwhjl201807whjl20180702-2-l.jpg"/>

那么在這些攝影家、藝術家眼中，這條唐詩之路究竟是什么模樣呢？

孫敏（浙江省攝影家協會副主席）：

手機拍攝，記錄有時代特征的影像

孫敏告訴筆者，6天的采風中他大約拍了300多張照片：“全是手機拍的，我已經堅持了6年的手機創作了?！?/p>

孫敏給筆者展示了一些他所拍的照片，其中很大一部分是寺廟或者寺廟周邊的景象，供果、柴房、寺廟一角懶洋洋的小貓、行走僧人飄起的僧袍……

“十多個人一起去創作，各自選擇一個相對小一些的切入點?！睂O敏說，“而我關注更多的是沿途的大小寺院。因為唐代詩人大多在寺院落腳，因此浙東一帶的佛道文化更顯‘唐韻?！?/p>

“在出發前，我提醒自己要‘忘記唐詩?！睂O敏說。在他看來，走唐詩之路，不是用圖片去解釋唐詩，也不是簡單圖解歲月的變遷?！扒昵暗奶迫?，用‘詩這工具，來表達行走在這條路上的感受，而我們用‘攝影這工具，來表達行走在這條路上的感受。相同的是這條路，不同的是工具、時代和感受。這是文字與影像的穿梭，是跨越千年的對話?！?/p>

在孫敏拍攝的300多張照片里，有張照片讓他覺得格外感慨。照片拍攝于奉化巖頭村，一邊是中式古建的飛檐，而另一邊是設計十分現代的建筑，建筑外還有一個蜘蛛俠的雕像。

“時代的元素，千年的跨越，中西文化的融合，在那一個瞬間，體現得淋漓盡致?！睂O敏說，“我總覺得那些花啊草啊水啊，一千年前跟現在也沒有多大的區別，一千年后可能還是這樣。而在今日的唐詩之路上，其實還有許多值得記錄、具有時代特征的影像?！?/p>

“浙東唐詩之路是浙江的榮幸，也是浙江寶貴的歷史文化遺產和精神財富?！睂O敏說。

沈珂（浙江省攝影家協會主席團委員）：

跋山涉水，感受古人游歷浙東路程

這是一次目標明確的行動，與唐詩對話，與古人相遇，與山水相融，用身體感受歷久彌新的“浙東唐詩之路”?！霸谖业慕洑v中，像這樣圍繞特殊文脈探尋而身體力行的，應該是有生以來第一次?！鄙蜱嬲f。

對于這“有生以來的第一次”，沈珂的評價是：值得期待。

“首先，這是一次不同年齡、不同風格的創作者相互融合碰撞的行程，是一次充滿頭腦激蕩可能性的行程?！鄙蜱嬲f，一路上，他與成員們同室論道，茶余飯后，討論最多的是“有形”與“無形”的問題。

另一個值得期待的理由是“與唐詩對話、與古人邂逅，穿越千年時空，感受古人游歷浙東、遠涉山水的歷程。游歷之間，自然也探尋著城鄉的面貌、世人的狀態、文明的境遇，感懷時光蹉跎。當然，最動情處依然是老友重逢，令此行充滿著快樂與想象”。

此次“唐詩之路”行走，對沈珂而言，思考最多的還是創作的基本問題?！霸谖铱磥?，所謂創作，立意在前，轉換在后。有感而心動，心動而生意，生意而作為，創形于無形，這應該就是創作的基本原理。此次采風，因‘詩而起，因‘路而行，如何融‘詩融‘路于影像，也即探尋于文脈而創形于表達，這是考驗創作者的根本問題?！?/p>

這一路，沈珂一直在思考：是因詩而有路，還是因路而有詩？“延伸開來，古人因路而詩，抑或因詩而路，再或因會友而路，再有詩？恐怕現在誰都很難說清楚。文化傳承與嬗變總有其各自的道理和原因。對我們而言，行走于此路，著重于對唐詩的理解，還是對山水的理解，抑或對人文世俗、生老病死的理解，在我看來，皆無不可，但重點還是行動?！?/p>

臨行前，在采風團的微信群中，沈珂看到一位團員說過一句“創作看緣”，“這句話完整的意思應該是：觀察靠腦，感受靠心，創作靠緣。創作是一次高級的燒腦運動，同時必須借助于身體力行。更重要的是，創作能否成功，恐怕還要看是否具備合適的時機與條件，若緣分未到，縱有馳騁之意，終不可強求?！?/p>

這即是與唐人作詩相似相近之處。

汪瀅瀅（獨立攝影師）：

按下快門，連接古人的詩意與詩境

攝影師汪瀅瀅這一次只帶了一臺膠片相機和一個微距鏡頭。此次唐詩之路，她拍攝了300多張照片。

汪瀅瀅說，她的照片主要分為兩類：“一類是古建筑及廟宇。浙東一帶完整保存了很多的古建筑，那些附著在建筑之上的，有歷史意味的圖案一直以來都很吸引我?！?/p>

為了縮短她與那些雕梁畫棟的距離，汪瀅瀅想盡了辦法。

“比如有一個古戲臺旁的牛腿，我從后臺一個很小的類似于候場的空間進去，那里有一個通道，走上去之后就會離那些部件比較近了?！?/p>

還有一類是植物?！跋啾葓雒婊趾甑娘L景，我更喜歡一些細致的東西。我平時的拍攝就比較細膩。對微觀世界的關注也會比較多。這一路山麓的植被非常漂亮?！?/p>

唐詩中也不總是“白日依山盡，黃河入海流”，亦有“木末芙蓉花，山中發紅萼”。

對汪瀅瀅來說，唐詩之路的采風是一場尋找痕跡之旅。她將鏡頭從一些嶄新之處移開，對準了那些有可能與古人相遇之處，那些有時光痕跡的地方。

“因為只有這些地方能激發我的想象，能感受到他們是如何克服重重困難，費盡周章地來到此地，而這種想象讓我對這些浸潤在時光里的舊東西有了拍攝的沖動?！蓖魹]瀅說。

那些山間野廟里小小的神像質樸可愛，而那些古剎名寺里還未被改造的角落，也讓汪瀅瀅按下了快門：“一切都在迅速變化，特別想把這一刻留下來?！?/p>

“唐詩造就了中國人的審美?！蓖魹]瀅說，“如果我的影像能與古人的詩意與意境連接，那就最好不過?！?/p>

這一路，她腦中揮之不去的是李白的《夢游天姥吟留別》?！疤炫_這里的人文氣息特別足，你能感受到那些浸入整個環境中的文化內涵。比如在廟宇周邊，你時不時可以看到一些穿著斯文、上了年紀的人。也許是市民，也許是游客。他們就站在山邊的圍欄旁，什么都不做地眺望遠方。我相信這是因為他們被這里的某種氣息吸引。那一刻，融入景中的那些人，應該也或多或少地觸摸到了古人能在此地寫出絕妙詩句的靈感吧?！?/p>

“這一路，有種超越了我想象的神奇與美。只嫌膠卷帶得還不夠?！蓖魹]瀅說。

李舜（青年藝術家）：

視頻采風，創作需要天賦和緣分

李舜并不是傳統意義上的攝影師，只是他的藝術創作總與攝影有些關聯。一周的采風中，他錄制了20到30段的視頻，大約5分鐘一段。

“與自然相關的東西，始終貫穿著我去年的創作脈絡?！崩钏锤嬖V筆者，借著唐詩之路采風的機會，他想去拍一些新素材。

“我拍的是素材，而非作品?！崩钏凑f他不相信，到現在這個時代，通過一個在1830年被人發明出來的一次成像技術，還能拍出別人沒有拍過的東西，“作品的成立需要唯一性?！崩钏凑f。

即便在拍攝前已經有了定位，但唐詩之路的采風依然給李舜帶來了沖擊。為了拍攝日出，采風團經常天還未亮就出發，在蜿蜒曲折的山路上行駛，坐車十分疲勞?！肮湃速M盡千辛萬苦才能獲得的圖像與感受，如今可以非常輕易地獲取了。中國畫論里有個詞叫‘臥游，我們這次費了很大勁才看到的景象，如今通過視頻、互聯網在家里就能看到。這是非常直接的‘臥游了?！?/p>

李舜說，這個沖擊給他帶來了不少創作靈感。

有一件事令李舜印象頗深。這位總是日夜顛倒的青年藝術家，在這次的采風里，遇見了自己平時總看不到的“霧”。

“那天的霧特大，能見度不超過30米，眼前的近山遠山，從三維立體變成了平面的，近山是深綠，遠山是淺灰綠，像極了莫奈的印象派作品。我以前拍過很多清晰的山水，但這次我看到的很多東西都是模糊的，它抹掉了所有的細節。我想這就是一種緣分，這種模糊有一種偶然中的必然。這種緣分其實在許多唐詩里也有體現。人在什么時間段看到什么東西就是一種緣分。就像只有李白夢游天姥山，才看到了瓊臺仙境等?！?/p>

在李舜看來，藝術家并不是每個人都能做，就像并不是每個人都能成為詩人。作詩與藝術創作都需要與生俱來的天賦。就像他很喜歡的李白。

在某一刻李舜突然想起了李白唯一傳世的墨寶《上陽臺帖》：“山高水長，物象千萬，非有老筆，清壯可窮?！?/p>

“這是李白曾經看過的景象?！崩钏凑f。這也是緣分。

Road of Poetry in Eyes

of Photographers

By Chen Danning

From May 7 to 13， 2018， a group of 20 photographers toured from Hangzhou to Xinchang， Tiantai， and Fenghua for a field study. Organized by Zhejiang Photographers Association， the tour aimed to explore the natural and cultural beauty of the “Road of Tang Poetry in Eastern Zhejiang”. The 20 participants prepared carefully for the tour. They each had a photography plan. In the evenings during the tour， they took turns at presiding at a workshop. Local photographers were invited to attend the professional powwows. The 20 photographers also compared notes with local photographers during the journey. The association plans to feature the road of poetry in photography and text at an exhibition in 2019.

Four of the 20 photographers gave their views of the Road of Tang Poetry in Eastern Zhejiang after the tour. The following is a summary of what they say.

Sun Min （vice president of Zhejiang Photographers Association and honorary president of Taizhou City Photographers Association）

During the 6-day tour， he took over 300 photos on his cell phone. He has been photographing on cell phone in the past six years. A great majority of the photos he showed me on the phone were taken in or around Buddhism temples. “The participants picked different perspectives，” explained Sun. “My focus on the temples on the tour was largely because the poets of the Tang tended to stay at temples overnight on their journeys. Their visits added a special cultural touch of the Tang to the Buddhist temples in eastern Zhejiang.”

“Before I set out on the tour， I cautioned myself to forget about the Tang poetry，” said the photographer. “A tour along the ancient road doesnt necessarily mean to provide photo illustrations of ancient poems. The Tang poets expressed themselves through poetry and we express ourselves through photographs. They and we differ in tools， times and feelings. This is a dialogue across more than 1，000 years through text and image.”

Shen Ke （a member of the presidium of Zhejiang Photographers Association， exhibition planner， and critic）

“I never had such an experience before，” commented the photographer. “For me， it was unique primarily because the tour explored a specific cultural subject. We photographers were of different ages and of different styles. The tour was actually an inspiring brainstorm journey.” He had discussions with the fellow photographers during the journey， focusing largely on the tangible and the intangible.

The tour gave Shen an opportunity to consider the fundamentals of photography. He explored the basic questions of the tour： the photographers took the tour because of the poetry and the road. “How we put the poetry and the road into photos was a fundamental challenge，” commented the photographer. “It would be difficult to understand why the ancient poets came to this part of the province. Cultural tradition evolves for reasons. For us， the tour could highlight different focuses： the scenic landscape， the Tang poems， the local culture， and even essential philosophical issues such as life and death. All these focuses could be portrayed in photographs about the road of Tang poetry. The key was action，” commented Shen.

Wang Yingying （an independent photographer）

With a film camera and a macro lens， she took over 300 photos on the tour. The photos fall into two categories. “One is about ancient buildings and Buddhist temples， which abound in Eastern Zhejiang. The time-old images painted and carved on these buildings appeal to me，” explained the photographer. “The other category is all about plants. I prefer the tiny to the magnificent. The flora along the road is rich and pretty. The Tang poems do portray plants and flowers.” For Wang， the tour along the road of the Tang poetry was a journey in search of ancient traces. She directed her camera at the possible places where yesterday and today encountered and where different times fused. “These places set fire on my imagination. I could imagine how the poets of the Tang took all the trouble coming to this part of the country. This imagination motivated me to visualize and photograph the past，” commented Wang.

“The Tang poetry made Chinese aesthetics，” remarked Wang. “I would be very happy if my photos could connect with ancient poems and sentimentality. The wonder and beauty of the road was more than expected. I regretted my films ran out，” she said.

Li Shun （a young artist）

Li Shun is by no means a photographer in the traditional sense of the word. His artistic creations are closely associated with photography. During the week-long tour， he made 30 short videos， each about 5 minutes long. “Nature was a consistent subject of my creations last year，” Li emphasized. “I collect materials. They are not final artworks.”

Li understood that no photographer could photograph something that hadnt been photographed since 1830 when photography was first invented. “An artistic creation demands uniqueness，” he noted. In order to grab images at sunrise and sunset moments， the group often started early in mountains. The early trips into mountains gave Li a sensational feeling. “Ancient people took all the trouble traveling far to catch glimpse of natural wonders. And they then invented a phrase describing staying at home and revisiting scenic spots through paintings and contemplations. Nowadays， we can surf the internet and access an ocean of video footages at home.”

The best memory Li cherished during the tour was the moment he ran into a huge fog. “The visibility was no more than 30 meters. The mountains near and far became two dimensional. The mountains in the distant looked light green or gray whereas the mountains nearby appeared dark green. Nature looked like artworks by Claude Monet and his fellow impressionists. I had videotaped a lot of landscape with minute details. This time， the landscape presented itself in vague terms with many details blurred or even wiped out. I believe it was my destiny to encounter such blurred images. What one sees at a specific time in a specific place is ones destiny. It was like Li Bai who saw a fairyland in his dream of Mount Tianmu. This is what Li Bai once saw，” pointed out Li Sun. He considered it his destiny to see what Li Bai saw so many centuries ago.