廣濟鎮文化中心，綿竹，中國

綿竹市廣濟鎮位于綿竹市西部，北依龍門山脈，在5·12特大地震中人員傷亡、房屋損毀慘重。由東南大學建筑學院和建筑設計研究院進行設計的災后重建公共建筑群集中位于鎮區中心的4個地塊內，包括文化中心、便民服務中心、衛生院、小學校、幼兒園、福利院等公共民生設施。

文化中心是第二批援建項目之一。建筑布局充分考慮當地氣候條件，采用規整平面形式，利用地形和植被加以限定，形成尺度適宜、層次豐富的建筑空間。建筑造型一方面保證功能空間表達的真實性，另一方面，在立面柱廊、開窗形式和材料劃分等細節的藝術處理上考慮了與文化中心功能相關聯的節律性視感。庭院設計結合地震中幸存的大樹，表達特有的場所價值。以功能實用和經濟性為前提，設計采用通用建材和構造節點，方便施工和工程進度把握，同時保證建筑良好的自然通風采光性能。

建筑用色主要有3種，墻柱形態結構性構件采用白色涂料，水刷石墻面采用灰色，填充墻體的面磚則選用了土紅色面磚，色彩搭配協調中而有對比變化，試圖營造震后重建家園的幾許溫馨，緩解災難之后民眾的傷感?！?/p>

項目信息/Credits and Data

設計團隊/Design Team: 王建國，徐小東，王鵬，孫海霆等/WANG Jianguo, XU Xiaodong, WANG Peng, SUN Haiting, et al.

建筑面積/Floor Area: 936 m2

設計時間/Design Time: 2009

竣工時間/Completion Time: 2010

攝影/Photos: 王建國，盛雪東，孫海霆/WANG Jianguo,SHENG Xuedong, SUN Haiting

1 東南外景/Southeast exterior view（攝影/Photo: 盛雪東/SHENG Xuedong）

2 鳥瞰/Aerial view（攝影/Photo: 王建國/WANG Jianguo）

3 草圖/Sketch

Guangji Town is located in the western part of Mianzhu City, with the Longmen Mountains to the north. In the major earthquake on 12th May,2018, the town suffered heavily from numerous causality and damages to buildings. The public building complex reconstructed after the earthquake is located within four sections of the central town area, including public facilities as cultural centre,convenience centre, health centre, primary school and secondary school, kindergarten, welfare homes, etc.

The cultural centre is among the second batch of reconstructed projects. Local climatic conditions were carefully considered in the building layout.The regular plan was applied, defined with terrain and vegetation, shaping the architectural spaces with appropriate scale and diversified hierarchy. In terms of architectural forms, on the one hand, the authenticity of functional spaces was expressed; on the other hand, the visual rhythm that related to the functions of cultural centre was considered in the artistic articulation of the portico on fa?ades, forms of openings and subdivision of materials. Trees that survived the earthquake were integrated in the design of courtyards, presenting the particular value of locality. On the premise of practicability and economy of functions, general building materials and construction details were applied in the design,facilitating the construction and the control of project progress and meanwhile assuring adequate natural ventilation and lighting performance of the building.

There are three colours applied on the building.White paint was applied on the structural elements of walls and columns. Grey was applied on the granitic plaster walls. Earth-red bricks were chosen for the block walls. This colour palette was designed to add contrast to the overall harmony, as an attempt to create a warm atmosphere for the rebuilt homeland , relieving the pains that the general public suffered after the disaster.□

評論

張彤：廣濟鎮文化中心是汶川地震廣濟鎮災后重建的援建工程之一。這項工作的特殊性不僅在于災后重建的緊迫性和對建設質量的高要求，一個鄉鎮的重建，從總體規劃到建筑設計，以至市鎮空間和室內設計基本上由一個團隊完成，這在汶川地震的災后重建中并不多見。

項目團隊運用城市設計的方法，對鎮區中心的4個街區進行了市鎮設計，包括細化地塊劃分、明確體量和空間關系、確定機動車出入口、控制連續街墻和協調建筑風格和材料做法。街區設計明確劃定了溪流兩側的公共綠地，在鎮中心十字路口周圍設置廣場，營造市鎮公共空間。這個附加的環節讓我們認識到，城市設計不只是針對城市的設計，而是一種兼顧整體性、關聯性和空間性的工作方法。這使得重建后的廣濟鎮保留了鄉土氣息顯著的市鎮空間特征，成為綿竹市各重建鄉鎮中最具整體質量的范例。

廣濟鎮文化中心位于四街區中心的東南象限，建筑的形體和空間組織是在市鎮設計框架下由外及內的過程。觀演廳的主體量與北側便民服務中心相對應，兩者之間是市鎮中心的公共廣場。在面向廣場的一面，文化中心設置了通高柱廊，顯現出鄉鎮環境中少有的公共性。東側的3個小體塊由連續街墻統領，圍合中心廣場。體塊布置小心地保留了鎮區中心最大的一棵樹，它在地震中屹立不倒，成為生命和希望的象征。

4 首層平面/Ground floor plan

5 庭園局部/Partial view of the garden（攝影/Photo: 孫海霆/SUN Haiting）

6 庭園局部/Partial view of the garden

7 柱廊與倒影池/Portico and pool（6.7 攝影/Photos: 盛雪東/SHENG Xuedong）

8 外景/Exterior view（攝影/Photo: 孫海霆/SUN Haiting）

9.10 剖面/Sections

Comments

ZHANG Tong: This Cultural Centre is one of the aid projects for the reconstruction of Guangji Town after the Wenchuan Earthquake. The particularity of this work lies not only in the urgency of postdisaster reconstruction and the high requirements for construction quality. Moreover, the reconstruction of a town, from the master plan and the architectural design to the town's space and interior design, is basically completed by one team. This is not common in the postdisaster reconstruction of the Wenchuan Earthquake.

The project team used urban design methods to design the four blocks in the centre of the town,including detailed plot division, clarification of volume and spatial relationship, determination of vehicle entrances and exits, and control of continuous street walls as well as the practice of coordinating architectural styles and materials. The block design clearly delineates the public green space on both sides of the stream, and a square is set around the crossroads in the town centre to create a public space. This active participation has made us realise that urban design is not just a city design, but a holistic, connected and spatial working method. This makes the rebuilt Guangji Town possess the distinctive characteristics of the town space that retains rustic flavour, and it has become an example of the highest overall quality among the rebuilt villages in Mianzhu City.

The Cultural Centre is located in the southeast quadrant of the four-block centre. The physical and spatial organisation of the building is an outside-toinside process under the framework of the town design.The main volume of the auditorium corresponds to the convenience service centre on the north side, and the public square in the centre of the town lays between the above two. On the side facing the square, the Cultural Centre has typologically set up high colonnades,showing the rare publicity in the village and town environment. The three small volumes on the east side are dominated by continuous street walls, enclosing the central square. They carefully preserve the largest tree in the town centre, which survived the earthquake and became a symbol of life and hope.