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電子信息產業撐起重慶工業一片新藍天

2012-02-09 10:08唐松
重慶與世界 2012年9期
關鍵詞:信息產業惠普重慶市

□ 文/唐松

“電子信息產業是國民經濟的戰略性、基礎性、先導性產業,也是重慶市迅速崛起的新興支柱產業,對于拉動經濟增長、調整產業結構、轉變發展方式具有十分重要的作用?!敝貞c市經信委負責人日前表示,剛剛出臺的《重慶市電子信息產業三年振興規劃》進一步明確了2013-2015年重慶市電子信息產業主要發展思路、發展目標和發展戰略,到2015年,重慶市的電子信息產業總產值將占全國總量的10%,占整個重慶工業產值的三分之一。

直轄十五年來,重慶市信息產業保持了30%左右的年均增長速度,目前已基本形成以筆電、集成電路、軟件及信息服務外包、通訊設備、信息家電、儀器儀表等為重點的產業格局,到2015年它將成為全市經濟第一大支柱產業。

“重慶信息港”構造重慶電子信息產業的雛形

直轄之初,重慶電子工業大大落后于全國先進地區,僅有的金雀、紅巖電視、五洲阿里斯頓電冰箱也只靈光一現,大量的電子生產企業虧損嚴重甚至倒閉,即便有少量民企開始涉足電子信息產業,也多集中在低端配套領域,零零星星,不成規模。而此時電子信息產業已開始成為世界經濟發展的新潮流。

直轄的重慶選擇了匯入這個發展變革的大潮,市政府已經開始重視發展電子信息產業,并提出了建設“重慶信息港”的計劃。1998年2月11日,市政府成立信息產業領導小組。這是一個由當時市委市政府主要領導為組長,集合了院士、教授、高級工程師的專業團隊。他們在調查了全國100多個地區、部門和單位的信息化建設情況后,提出了建設“重慶信息港”的計劃,即“21129”工程。包括建設二大網:基礎通信網和信息交互網;一窗口:“重慶之窗”;十二個應用信息系統,包括政務管理、國民經濟、金融信息、商業貿易、稅務管理、醫療保健、公眾服務等等一系列全部實現電子信息化。重慶信息港建設先期投資就有160個億,用于兩類大網和網絡基礎平臺的建設分到了144個億。1999年,全市從事電子信息產業的企業突破1000戶,達到1019戶,其中制造業583戶,郵電通信業72戶,軟件業50余戶,計算機應用服務業300余戶,重慶電子信息產業的從業人員也達到了5萬余人。

西永工業園的建立助推產業形成快速發展

西永微電子產業園的建立和發展是重慶電子信息產業快速發展的標志和里程碑。該產業園區于2005年8月成立,它是重慶市為優化和提升全市產業結構、發展高新技術產業而規劃建設的IT產業園區,是“十一五”期間發展電子信息產業的主要基地,也是中西部地區首家通過國家發改委審核的微電子產業專業園區。

經過多年艱苦創業,西永園區現已初步具備了一個現代化產業園區的雛形,已進入大開發、大突破的前夜?;萜?、富士康、廣達、英業達、微軟、IBM、NTT DATA、AP、辛克、凸版、兵裝集團摩托車事業總部、渝德科技、北大方正、中科院軟件所、科博達、挪威RPR、NIIT等國內外知名企業落戶園區,基本形成了以惠普重慶電腦生產基地和富士康、廣達、英業達等為代表的PC制造產業,以茂德8英寸芯片線、中電科技2條6英寸芯片線為代表的集成電路產業,以惠普GDCC、NTT、中科院軟件所等為代表的軟件與服務外包產業,以富士康(重慶)產業基地、北大方正、科博達等為代表的電子元器件配套產業的四大產業格局,日益成為重慶自主開發、產業發展、引智引資和對外展示的熱點和重慶市擴大就業、拉動內需、打造內陸開放高地的重要支撐,園區被授予“國家電子信息產業基地”、“國家服務外包基地城市示范區”、“國家知識產權示范園區”、“國家加工貿易梯度轉移重點承接地”、“中國服務外包基地城市”、“國家高技術產業(信息產業)基地”等稱號。

在2000年至2007年間,重慶電子信息產業就迎來了一輪快速發展期,產業集聚雛形顯現,產業鏈不斷延伸,集成電路蓄勢待發,數字儀器儀表優勢突出,通信設備制造日趨壯大,汽車電子快速發展,電子材料也異軍突起。2007年,重慶電子信息產業由先導產業轉變為支柱產業。

市經信委數據顯示,2007年全市電子信息產業實現主營業務收入達到473.9億元,信息產業增加值占全市GDP的比重達6%,重慶信息產業從全市國民經濟的先導產業一躍成為支柱產業。此間,軟件產業迅速崛起,2000年重慶軟件產業銷售收入僅有3億元,2007年全市軟件及信息服務業實現收入155億元。2005年是重慶的軟件產業發展的另一個突破年。2004年,服務外包產業正在全國興起,當時歐美的軟件制作成本越來越高,不少軟件開發訂單向印度、中國等新興國家轉移。這年,重慶正式發展服務外包產業,兩年后成為全國第二批服務外包示范城市。

數據中心

云端計劃成為電子信息發展的強大推進器

2009年富士康與惠普一道,落戶重慶。2010年宏碁與重慶簽約,將其全球生產基地和中國第二營運總部布局重慶。這是宏碁在全球戰略布局的唯一一個復合型基地。同時,惠普400萬臺內銷筆記本電腦也放到了重慶生產。

據重慶市經信委介紹,惠普、宏碁、華碩、東芝、富士通等五大品牌,廣達、富士康、英業達、仁寶、緯創、和碩六大代工企業分別布局西永綜合保稅區和兩路寸灘保稅港區,500余家零部件企業聚集璧山、銅梁、永川、江津等區縣,引進了惠普、華碩、佳杰、貝寶結算中心和惠普、宏碁研發中心等,重慶造筆記本電腦產量占全球10%。

但是,惠普400萬臺內銷電腦,遠不足以成就重慶筆電基地的夢想。于是,重慶創造性地提出“垂直整合”模式,徹底打消了惠普對物流成本的顧慮,惠普將重慶生產基地的訂單從內銷400萬臺,一下子擴大到外銷的4000萬臺。

2011年,和碩、緯創、仁寶紛紛簽約落戶重慶。

品牌商和代工商扎堆入渝,吸引了全球范圍內的筆電配套企業。4年間,重慶筆電產業已經形成了“5+6+500”的“品牌商+代工商+零部件配套企業”的產業集群。

2011年9月25日,市長黃奇帆在第六屆市長國際經濟顧問團會議上提出了城市信息化與信息產業—全球化背景下云端智能城市發展、重慶市“云端計劃“建設現代智能城市及發展的重要模塊和配套項目,促進“重慶未來三年做成云集上百萬臺服務器、上千億元規模的云計算基地,成為全球數據處理中心”。

當前的計算資源也應該能使三維走時層析成像中的有限頻率敏感度內核應用到廣角反射/折射數據。Gautier等(2008)已證實了將有限頻率層析成像應用到當地地震數據,通過提供三維復雜速度結構的高分辨率圖像,包括層邊界銳化,提高了地殼層析圖形的質量。雖然全波形三維層析成像利用譜元法和寬帶地震記錄(Tape et al,2009,2010)已用于建立區域三維模型,但至今尚未證實它是否適用一般僅用垂直分量檢波器記錄的廣角反射/折射數據。

園區電子產品生產線

重慶電子信息產業明天更美好

人類對電子產品的需求不斷更新,全球主要國家都將電子信息產業視為經濟振興計劃的重要組成部分。據有關資料顯示,預計未來電子信息產業市場規模將處于穩步增長階段,2015年將比2011年上升17%。但目前由于西方國家一系列重振制造業的政策刺激和區域生產成本差距縮小等因素,出現了高端電子制造業回流發達國家、中低端轉移到勞動力成本更低的一些周邊國家的趨勢,這對重慶電子信息產業會有一定影響。

不過,電子信息產業在當前各行業融合創新、工業轉型升級的趨勢下具備了新的發展機遇和產業增長點。一方面,電子信息產業內各行業多有交集,制造業、軟件業、運營業與內容服務業加速融合,新技術、新產品、新模式不斷涌現,為產業發展提供了新的機遇。另一方面,電子信息技術在工業各領域與生產各環節的持續深化應用,將形成一批輻射范圍廣、帶動作用強的產業新增長點,為產業持續、穩定、健康發展提供堅實保障。

新一代信息技術產業也是我國戰略性新興產業之一,正在步入加速成長期,帶動產業格局深刻變革。以下一代寬帶移動通信、物聯網、高性能芯片等為代表的新一代信息技術快速發展,已成為各國競爭的戰略制高點。我國規劃到2015年電子信息產業銷售收入超過10萬億元,并將在“十二五”期間加速發展新一代信息技術產業,推動部分信息制造業向內陸地區進行轉移,進一步強化信息技術在各個領域的滲透和應用。

前不久出臺的《重慶市電子信息產業三年振興規劃》指出,重慶市電子信息產業發展基礎日趨成熟,隨著產業環境的改善,產業平臺的搭建,人才體系的健全,物流通道的完善,世界500強、中國500強的落戶,重慶市迎來了電子信息產業跨越式發展的大好時機。特別是,中央批準重慶市建立的內陸地區最大的綜合保稅區和保稅港區,以及近些年來“無中生有”形成的電腦產業垂直整合模式,吸引了一批世界級的跨國電子巨頭落戶我市,并帶動一大批戰略伙伴隨之跟進,為重慶市快速建成電子信息產業集群創造了基礎和條件。

為此,重慶市將圍繞國家電子信息產業“十二五”發展規劃和工業轉型升級規劃的要求,以產業集群為主攻方向,以龍頭產品為牽引,以西永微電園、兩江新區為核心平臺,以龍頭企業為依托,著力發展關聯性強的產業鏈,著力促進電子制造業與信息服務業的融合發展,著力建設產業發展的共性支撐平臺,著力推動信息技術在各個領域的推廣和應用,不斷提高信息產業的附加值、創新能力和市場占有率,努力建成內陸地區最大的信息產業高地。預計到2015年,我市將建設成為國家重要的電子信息產業基地,形成“3+6+3”產業體系,即:六千億計算機、兩千億軟件及信息服務、千億通信設備及物聯網3個千億級產業集群;智能家電、集成電路與元器件、光伏與LED、智能儀器儀表、數字醫療與汽車電子等應用電子、電子裝備等6個百億級產業集群;兩江新區、西永微電園、經開區等3個千億級產業基地;并打造“2+10+2”千百億企業,即:兩家千億級企業,10家以上百億級企業,其中包含兩家總部設在重慶的百億品牌企業。至此,重慶就將成為全球筆記本電腦生產基地、國際離岸云計算數據基地以及全國重要的物聯網、智能儀器儀表、集成電路、數字醫療產業基地,電子信息產業真正成為重慶的第一支柱產業。

Electronic Information Industry:Supporting the Industry of Chongqing

"Electronic information industry is strategic, fundamental, leading industries of the national economy,as well as the rapid rise of the pillar industry of Chongqing municipality, it plays a very important role in spurring economic growth, adjusting the industrial structure and changing the development model ”.

The information industry in Chongqing has been maintained a 30% per cent of the average annual growth rate for 15 years,it has been basically formed an industry structure of integrated circuits, software and information service outsourcing,teleco mmunications equipment, information appliances, instruments as key industries, it will become the fi rst pillar industry of the economy of the whole city by 2015.

"Chongqing InforPort" Forming the Embryonic Electronic Information Industry in Chongqing

The electronics industry of Chongqing was way behind of other advanced regions of China Before it's directly under the Central Government.And by that time,the electronic information industry has been the new trend of the development of the world economy.

The Establishment of Xiyong Industrial Park Boost the Fast Development of Industry Formed

The establishment and development of Xiyong microelectronics industrial park is a sign and milestone of the rapid development of electronic information industry in Chongqing.It is established in August 2005, it is an IT industry Park that for Chongqing to optimize and upgrade the industrial structure and development of Chongqing City,it is also the main base of the development of electronic information industry during the"Eleven-Five",it is also the first micro electronics industry Park that'sexamined and verifi ed by the national development and Reform Committee in the Midwest of China.

After many years of hard working,Xiyong has became a preliminary prototype of a modern industrial park,HP, Foxconn, Quanta, Inventec,Microsoft, IBM, NTT DATA, AP,Stewart Cink, Toppan, headquarters of soldier equipment group and the motorcycle business, founder, Norway RPR, NIIT and other domestic and foreign well-known enterprises settled in the Park.it Basically formed computer production base ,PC manufacturing industry, IC industry,software and service outsourcing industry,electronic components supporting industry of four -industry pattern.

In fact, from 2000 to 2007,Chongqing electronic information industry ushered in a round of rapid development period, the industrial chain continuously expanding, IC poised, digital instruments with obvious advantage, communications equipment manufacturing is increasingly growing, fast development of automotive electronics, electronic materials are also rising.In 2007,Chongqing electronic information industry changed from the leading industry into a pillar industry.

In 2007 the revenues of Chongqing's software and information services was 15.5 billion yuan.In 2005 which was another breakthrough in the development of software industry in Chongqing.In 2004, the services outsourcing industry was in a rise,software costs in Western counties increasingly higher at that time,many software development orders was transferred to India, China and other emerging countries.that year Chongqing offi cially developed service outsourcing industry , two years later,it become the second group of services outsourcing model city in China.

Cloud Plan Being the Powerful Trusters for Electronic Information Development

HP and Foxconn settled in Chongqing in 2009.In 2010 Acer signed a contract with Chongqing,buildingits global production base and the second operational headquarters in Chongqing.This is the only compound base of Acer's global strategic layout.meanwhile,4 million domestic laptops of HP were produced in Chongqing.However, HP's 4 million domestic computers were not enough to fulfill its dream of being the laptop power base in Chongqing.Thus, Chongqing's creative presentation "vertically integrated" mode completely deterred Hewlett-Packard logistics cost concerns, HP Chongqing production base of orders from domestic sales of 4 million units extend to the export of 40 million units.lots of companies settled in Chongqing is attracting a global range of laptop set enterprises supporting the business.within 4 years Chongqing laptop industry has formed a "5+6+500" of the "brand +Commerce + spare parts Assembly industrial enterprise" industrial clusters.

On September 25, 2011, Mayor Huang Qifan put forward the urban informatization and information industry to promote "Chongqing being the cloud base with millions of servers and hundreds of billions of dollars and became the global data-processing center within next three years ".

A Better Tomorrow of Chongqing Electronic Information Industry

The next generation of information technology industry is one of the strategic emerging industries in China,it is entering a period of accelerated growth, driving industry pattern of profound change.China is planning to make the sales revenues of more than 10 trillion yuan at electronic information industry area by 2015 and to accelerate development of the next generation of information technology industry during the"Twelve-Five" , promote the transfer part of the information industry to inland areas, further strengthening the infiltration and application of information technology in various fields.accelerate adjusting the space layout of information industry.

The electronic information industry of Chongqing three-year revitalization plan stated that electronic information industry development in Chongqing based on mature,with improvement in the industrial environment, industrial platform structures, the talent system of sound,perfect logistics channel, companies of world top 500, top 500 in China settled in,Chongqing ushered in a great time of rapid development of electronic information industry .

Chongqing will focus on associate development and strengthen industry chain, focus on promoting the development of electronic manufacturing and integration of information service industry, focusing on General supporting platform for the development of the construction industry, focus on promoting the popularization and application of information technology in various fields, and continuously improve the added value of the information industry, innovation and market share,efforts to build largest interior highland of information industry.

It is predicted that Chongqing will be built into national critical electronic information industry base by 2015, forming a "3+6+3" industrial system, namely: 600 billion computers,200 billion software and information services, billions of communication equipment and network 3 industrial clusters with hundred billion worth.Intelligent household electrical appliances, integrated circuits and components, photovoltaic and LED,intelligent instrumentation, medical and automotive electronics applications such as electronics, electronic equipment of 6 industrial clusters with ten billion worth;Liangjiang New Area,Xiyong micro-park,Jingkai District of 3 industrial bases with ten billion worth.And to build a "2+10+2" billions of enterprises, namely: two hundred billion worthy enterprises, more than 10 enterprises with ten billion worthy,which contains two ten billion worthy brand enterprises which headquartered in Chongqing .

At this point, Chongqing will become the global notebook production base and international off-shore cloud computing data base and national important industry base of intelligent instruments, integrated circuits, and digital medical industry, electronic information industry really became the fi rst pillar industry in Chongqing.

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