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《無聲告白》:于無聲處聽驚雷

2016-01-07 13:05陳榕
新東方英語 2016年1期
關鍵詞:莉迪亞內斯漢娜

陳榕

伍綺詩(Celeste Ng)出生于美國賓夕法尼亞州的匹茲堡,父母是20世紀60年代到美國的香港移民。她的中學時代是在俄亥俄州的謝克海茲度過的。1998年,她考入哈佛大學,學習英語專業,畢業后又參加了密歇根大學的寫作碩士班,從那時起開始職業文學創作。她所撰寫的短篇小說以及散文發表于各類文學期刊?!稛o聲告白》(Everything I Never Told You)是她的第一部長篇小說。這部小說戰勝了英國資深歷史小說家希拉里·曼特爾和美國暢銷小說家斯蒂芬·金的作品,獲得了2014年亞馬遜年度小說獎。Excerpts1)

There is so much more to do, so much yet to be mended. But for now, he2) thinks only of this, his daughter3), here in his arms. He had forgotten what it was like to hold a child—to hold anyone—like that. How their weight sank into you, how they clung instinctively. How they trusted you. It is a long time before he is ready to let her go.

And when Marilyn4) wakes and comes downstairs, just as the light is fading, this is what she finds: her husband cradling their youngest in a circle of lamplight, a tender look of calm on his face.

“Youre home,” Marilyn says. All of them know it is a question.

“Im home,” James says, and Hannah rises on tiptoes, edging toward the door. She can feel the room is poised on the edge—of what, shes not sure, but she does not want to destroy this beautiful, sensitive balance. Accustomed to being overlooked, she sidles toward her mother, ready to slip by unnoticed. Then Marilyn touches a gentle hand to her shoulder, and Hannahs heels land on the floor with a surprised thump5).

“Its all right,” Marilyn says. “Your father and I just need to talk.” Then—and Hannah flushes with delight—she kisses her on the head, right where the hair parts, and says, “Well see you in the morning.”

Halfway up the steps, Hannah pauses. From downstairs, she hears only a low murmur of voices, but for once she does not creep back down to listen. Well see you in the morning, her mother had said, and she takes this as a promise. She tiptoes across the landing—past Nath6)s room, where behind the closed door her brother lies in a dreamless sleep, the remnants of the whiskey slowly steaming from his pores; past Lydias room, which looks, in the dark, like nothing has changed, though nothing could be further from the truth; all the way up to her own room, where through the windows the lawn outside is just beginning to turn from inky blue to black. Her glow-in-the-dark clock reads just past eight, but it feels later, like the middle of the night, the darkness quiet and thick as a down comforter. She wraps that feeling around her. From up here, she cant hear her parents talking. But its enough to know that theyre there.

………………………………………

Downstairs, Marilyn lingers in the doorway, one hand on the jamb7). James tries to swallow, but something hard and sharp lodges in his throat, like a fishbone. Once he had been able to read his wifes mood even from her back. By the tilt8) of her shoulders, by the shifting of her weight from left foot to right, he would have known what she was thinking. But its been a long time since he looked at her carefully, and now, even face-to-face, all he can see are the faint wrinkles at the corners of her eyes, the faint wrinkles where her blouse has been crushed, then straightened.

“I thought youd gone,” she says at last.

When Jamess voice squeezes around the sharp thing in his throat, it comes out thin and scratched. “I thought you had.”

And for the moment, this is everything they need to say.

Some things they will never discuss: James will never talk to Louisa9) again, and he will be ashamed of this for as long as he lives. Later, slowly, they will piece together other things that have never been said. He will show her the coroner10)s report; she will press the cookbook into his hands. How long it will be before he speaks to his son without flint11) in his voice; how long it will be before Nath no longer flinches12) when his father speaks. For the rest of the summer, and for years after that, they will grope for the words that say what they mean: to Nath, to Hannah, to each other. There is so much they need to say.

In this moment of silence, something touches Jamess hand, so light he can barely feel it. A moth, he thinks. The sleeve of his shirt. But when he looks down, he sees Marilyns fingers curled over his, the merest curve as they squeeze. He has almost forgotten what it felt like, to touch her. To be forgiven even just this much. He bows his head and rests it on the back of her hand, overwhelmed with gratitude at having one more day.

作品賞析

在小說《無聲告白》中,李先生一家人的人生在1977年5月3日徹底改變了。這一天,這個家庭的大女兒莉迪亞在湖中溺水身亡。她因何而死?是意外事故?是遭遇謀殺?是絕望自殺?小說猶如偵探劇一樣的開篇令人們不禁想要探究事實的真相,而在所有人中,最渴望找到答案的是莉迪亞的家人。

莉迪亞一家生活在美國俄亥俄州一個典型的中產階級社區。父親詹姆斯·李是華裔,娶了白人妻子瑪麗琳。這個家庭采用男主外女主內的傳統模式,李先生在大學教歷史,瑪麗琳是家庭主婦。夫妻倆育有三個孩子。長子內斯已經考取哈佛大學,即將去讀書。大女兒莉迪亞正在上高中。小女兒漢娜還在讀小學。從表面看,這是一個幸福的家庭。父親儒雅而博學,母親專心相夫教子,而他們的三個孩子有著華裔家庭出身的乖巧聽話和勤奮刻苦。莉迪亞自小懂事,不曾離經叛道,更不曾結下仇家。她為什么會溺亡湖中?在李先生一家人看來,原因必定是來自于外部世界。是不是女兒途經湖邊時,遇到了窮兇極惡的歹徒?但警察經過調查卻告訴他們,莉迪亞死于自殺,而不是他殺。他們于是又聯想到,會不會女兒在學校遇到了欺凌?有沒有可能是鄰居的壞小子傷害了她,讓她覺得生無可戀?

故事抽絲剝繭地展開,我們隨著情節的層層遞進漸漸發現,外因不是莉迪亞之死的主導因素。莉迪亞自殺的誘因其實深埋在這個表面看起來一團祥和的家庭中。一層又一層無言的壓力逼迫著這個孩子,她的敏感和脆弱最終將她帶向了絕望的深淵。

莉迪亞體會到的第一重壓力是她一直在為別人而活。她童年時曾經目睹母親瑪麗琳離家出走。她以為是因為自己讓母親失望,母親才會選擇離開。當母親回來后,她下定決心要做個聽話的好孩子。從此,她將自己人生的主導權交給了母親?,旣惲赵氘斠幻t生,卻做了家庭主婦。所以,她格外看重莉迪亞,希望孩子能夠延續她的夢想。而莉迪亞便以此為理想,渴望成為母親心目中的女兒。她放棄了童年的嬉戲,刻苦用功,是大家眼中的乖乖女和優等生。母親也常常對她滿意地微笑??墒沁M入高中,功課的難度加大,無論她如何努力,成績單上的分數卻越來越讓人失望。她體會到濃重的焦慮感,而沉重的心理負擔只能令她的成績每況愈下。

莉迪亞體會到的第二重壓力來自于她在家庭關系中感覺到的不安全感。她不僅因為母親離家出走體會到了被拋棄的痛苦,而且也感到了哥哥對自己的嫉妒和敵意。她一直是三個孩子中最受爸爸媽媽寵愛的,這不免引起了被忽視的哥哥內斯的敵意。內斯甚至有一次將她推下湖,害她幾乎淹死。同時,天生敏感的她近期還看到了自己的父親和年輕的助教路易莎在一起談吐親密,誤認為父親已經有了外遇。她不敢問父親,怕引起他的不快,也不敢告訴母親,怕她傷心。

莉迪亞體會到的第三重壓力來自于她形單影只的校園生活。她是個16歲的少女,正該無憂無慮和同學們一起享受青春的人生,可是在學校里,她沒有知心的好友,只是同學眼中沉默寡言的書呆子。她內心苦悶,為了反叛,她主動接近鄰居家聲名不佳的男孩杰克。幸好杰克雖外表浪蕩,對她卻很尊重,也能理解她的痛苦,給了她不少安慰??墒亲罱K她才發現,杰克是沒有出柜的同性戀,對她友善,是因為默默地喜歡著她的哥哥內斯。

《無聲告白》雖然是伍綺詩的長篇小說處女作,但在這部作品中作者對敘述節奏卻有著超乎尋常的成熟掌控。我們隨著故事的推進,慢慢走進莉迪亞這個內向、敏感的少女的內心世界。在那里,我們能夠聽到她深沉的渴望、翻涌的焦慮和絕望的告白。而形成反差的是,現實中的她卻越來越拒絕表達。她沒有來得及體會生的美好,只感覺到了生的重荷,自殺對她來說是解脫。她死于沉默。

內心越是充滿了掙扎與尖叫,面對這個世界時,越是不知道從何說起。這不僅是《無聲告白》中莉迪亞的困境,也是她的家人的困境。莉迪亞的父親李先生沒有告訴過家人他的無奈。他畢業于哈佛大學,本可以留校,卻因為華裔身份,不得不委身在一所普通大學教書。他娶了白人做妻子,內心卻明了自己沒有能夠滿足妻子的期待。他愛自己的孩子,卻不懂如何表達。莉迪亞的媽媽瑪麗琳也有無法言說的傷懷往事。她曾立志做醫生,不想拘囿在家庭主婦圍著丈夫孩子轉的逼仄空間,甚至一度離家出走,然而發現自己又懷孕了,只好又回到家里。她將受挫的夢想轉移到大女兒身上,但她的過度期望卻將女兒逼上絕路。除了莉迪亞,這個家里的另外兩個孩子也是沉默的。內斯想要成為宇航員,卻只能夠按照父母的心意,主動填報哈佛大學為志愿。漢娜是這個家里被人忽視的小女兒,默默地生活在哥哥姐姐的陰影里。

莉迪亞死于花季年華,這是悲劇。在她死后,所有的家人都陷入了深深的自責。如果他們能夠敞開心扉,坦承人生的挫折感,不將壓力轉給他人,或許莉迪亞也能學會原諒她自己,不必因學習成績不夠理想而自殺。如果他們能夠仔細聆聽莉迪亞的內心,而不是封閉在自己的小世界里,或許莉迪亞也能更勇敢地表達自己,不必溺亡在孤獨中。

我們往往將緘默與隱忍當做美德。我們那些瑣屑的煩惱何足道?我們不該用自己的渴望打擾他人。我們更沒有必要袒露自身,讓別人看到軟弱的自己。殊不知,緘默往往會導致深重的誤會,乃至更大的悲劇。不習慣言說,日久天長,可能會徹底喪失了言說的能力?!坝跓o聲處聽驚雷?!薄稛o聲告白》中,莉迪亞用死亡發出了最尖銳的求救與呼號,喚醒了她最親最愛的家人。這不是個習慣交流與表達的家庭。每個人都為他人著想,隱藏著自己的內心。每個人都懷著受挫的夢想,各自在孤獨中煎熬。莉迪亞的死逼迫他們用言說療傷,用擁抱取暖,也正視渺小脆弱的自己。李先生和瑪麗琳爭吵、分手、復合,走過了一個輪回,心靈反而靠得更近。內斯決定追隨夢想,成為一名宇航員。漢娜得到了父母的關愛,不會再重蹈姐姐的覆轍。這個家庭的創痛是永遠的:他們錯失了聽到莉迪亞告白的機會,終生負疚?;蛟S能夠令莉迪亞在另一個世界里感到安慰的是,他們沒有錯失她用死亡傳遞的呼喚,走出了各自的小世界,學會了坦誠言說自我,學會了專注傾聽他人。

1. 節選部分選自小說的最后一章,主要講述了弄清楚莉迪亞(Lydia)死因的一家人雖然還無法完全接受這一現實,但情緒已變得平靜許多,并在積蓄生活下去的勇氣。

2. he:此處指小說中莉迪亞的父親詹姆斯·李(James Lee)。

3. his daughter:此處指小說中莉迪亞的妹妹漢娜(Hannah)。

4. Marilyn:瑪麗琳,小說中莉迪亞的母親

5. thump [θ?mp] n. 重擊聲,砰然聲

6. Nath:內斯,小說中莉迪亞的哥哥

7. jamb [d??m] n. 門窗邊框

8. tilt [t?lt] n. 傾斜

9. Louisa:路易莎,小說中她是莉迪亞的父親詹姆斯的助教,曾和詹姆斯有曖昧關系。

10. coroner [?k?r?n?(r)] n. 驗尸官

11. flint [fl?nt] n. 打火石

12. flinch [fl?nt?] vi. 退縮;畏懼

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