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CXCL-13通過激活PI3K-Akt信號通路對人骨髓間充質干細胞遷移的影響

2020-11-18 08:51沈雷李永濤孫石柱姚立杰王璐璐劉丹陽金海峰張善強
中國醫藥導報 2020年27期
關鍵詞:遷移率趨化因子劃痕

沈雷 李永濤 孫石柱 姚立杰 王璐璐 劉丹陽 金海峰 張善強

[摘要] 目的 驗證趨化因子-13(CXCL-13)通過激活PI3K-Akt信號通路對人骨髓間充質干細胞(hBMSC)遷移的影響。 方法 無任何刺激的hBMSCs為對照組;80 μmol/L CXCL-13刺激hBMSCs為CXCL-13組;hBMSCs先用25 nmol/L LY294002培養40 min,再添加80 μmol/L CXCL-13為PI3K抑制劑組;hBMSCs先用50 nmol/L Triciribine培養30 min,再添加80 μmol/L CXCL-13為Akt抑制劑組。細胞劃痕實驗和Transwell細胞遷移實驗檢測四組hBMSCs劃痕面積閉合率和細胞遷移率;酶聯免疫吸附試驗檢測四組人PI3K、Akt、P-Akt蛋白的表達。結果 CXCL-13組hBMSCs劃痕面積閉合率和遷移率均高于對照組,PI3K抑制劑組和Akt抑制劑組hBMSCs劃痕面積閉合率和遷移率均低于CXCL-13組(P < 0.05或P < 0.01);CXCL-13組人PI3K、Akt、P-Akt蛋白含量均高于對照組,PI3K抑制劑組和Akt抑制劑組人PI3K、Akt、P-Akt蛋白含量低于CXCL-13組(均P < 0.01)。 結論 CXCL-13激活PI3K-Akt信號通路促進hBMSCs遷移。

[關鍵詞] 趨化因子-13;人骨髓間充質干細胞;Akt信號通路;細胞遷移;歸巢

[中圖分類號] R318.06? ? ? ? ? [文獻標識碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號] 1673-7210(2020)09(c)-0004-04

Effect of CXCL-13 on human bone marrow mesenchymal mtem cell migration by activating PI3K-Akt signaling pathway

SHEN Lei? ?LI Yongtao? ?SUN Shizhu? ?YAO Lijie? ?WANG Lulu? ?LIU Danyang? ?JIN Haifeng? ?ZHANG Shanqiang

Department of Anatomy, Qiqihar Medical University, Heilongjiang Province, Qiqihaer? ?161006, China

[Abstract] Objective To verify C-X-C motif chemokine ligand-13 (CXCL-13) effect on human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSC) migration by activating PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Methods hBMSC without stimulation was control group. hBMSCs were stimulated with 80 μmol/L CXCL-13 as CXCL-13 group. hBMSCs were first cultured with 25 nmol/L LY294002 for 40 min, and then 80 μmol/L CXCL-13 were added as PI3K inhibitor group. hBMSCs were cultured with 50 μmol/L Triciribine for 30 min in advance and then 80 μmol/L CXCL-13 were added as Akt inhibitor group. Cell wound scratch assay and Transwell cell migration assay were used to detect the scratch area closure rate and cell migration rate of hBMSCs in four groups. The expression of human PI3K, Akt and P-Akt proteins in hBMSCs of four groups were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results The hBMSCs scratch area closure rate and cell migration rate in CXCL-13 group were higher than those in control group, the hBMSCs scratch area closure rate and cell migration rate in PI3K inhibitor group and Akt inhibitor group were lower than those in CXCL-13 group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The protein contents of human PI3K, Akt and P-Akt in CXCL-13 group were higher than those in control group, the protein contents of human PI3K, Akt and P-Akt in PI3K inhibitor group and Akt inhibitor group were lower than those in CXCL-13 group(all P < 0.01). Conclusion CXCL-13 activates the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway to promote the migration of hBMSCs.

[Key words] C-X-C motif chemokine ligand-13; Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell; Akt signaling pathway; Cell migration; Homing

慢性疾病會引起人體多種器官出現慢性組織損傷[1]。人骨髓間充質干細胞(hBMSCs)是再生修復作用理想的細胞[2-3]。趨化因子-13(CXCL-13)對乳腺癌等腫瘤細胞具有很好的逃避免疫效果[4]。MSCs具有逃避宿主免疫系統監視的能力[5],MSCs可表達CXCL-13等多種趨化因子[6],CXCL-13可促進MSCs分化為成骨細胞[7],MSCs遷移到損傷組織能力與腫瘤細胞轉移過程相類似[8-9],但CXCL-13是否促進hBMSCs運動還需驗證。

1 材料與方法

1.1 細胞

hBMSCs(No.CP-H166)購于武漢普諾賽科技有限公司。

1.2 主要儀器與試劑

人CXCL-13重組蛋白(No.801-CX-025)購于美國R&D公司;人磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K,No.ab207 484)、Akt(No.ab126433)、P-Akt(No.ab207452)酶聯免疫吸附試驗(ELISA)試劑盒均購于Abcam公司;LY294002(No.S1105)、Triciribine(No.S1117)購于Selleck公司;550型酶標儀購于Bio-Rad公司。

1.3 實驗分組與方法

1.3.1 細胞培養? hBMSCs用含10% FBS的α-MEM培養基培養。

1.3.2 實驗分組? 無任何刺激的hBMSCs為對照組;80 μmol/L CXCL-13刺激為CXCL-13組;hBMSCs先用25 nmol/L LY294002培養40 min,再添加80 μmol/L CXCL-13為PI3K抑制劑組;hBMSCs先用50 nmol/L Triciribine培養30 min,再添加80 μmol/L CXCL-13為Akt抑制劑組。

1.3.3 細胞劃痕實驗? 6.5×105個/孔hBMSCs置于6孔板,1000 μL槍頭劃痕;按“1.3.2”添加不同試劑,培養12 h后,4%多聚甲醛溶液室溫固定60 min。Image-Pro Plus 6.0.1(IPP 6.0.1)軟件計算hBMSCs細胞數目,隨后計算hBMSCs劃痕面積閉合率。

1.3.4 Transwell細胞遷移實驗? 1.2×104個hBMSCs置于Transwell細胞小室內,下層腔室加入無血清的α-MEM培養基或相關試劑。37℃,5%CO2培養10 h。收集下室液體,800 g離心5 min,收集細胞并計數;擦除Transwell細胞小室內hBMSCs,4%多聚甲醛溶液室溫固定60 min,0.5%結晶紫染色。IPP 6.0.1軟件計算hBMSCs細胞數目[10],隨后計算hBMSCs遷移率。

1.3.5 蛋白含量檢測? RIPA細胞裂解液裂解各組hBMSCs,4℃,12 000 g離心5 min;BCA法測定蛋白濃度。人PI3K、Akt、P-Akt的ELISA試劑盒檢測蛋白含量。所有實驗均重復3次。

1.4 統計學方法

采用SPSS 21.0統計學軟件進行數據分析,計量資料用均數±標準差(x±s)表示,多組比較采用方差分析,兩兩比較采用q檢驗;計數資料用百分率表示,組間比較采用χ2檢驗。以P < 0.05為差異有統計學意義。

2 結果

2.1 四組hBMSCs劃痕面積閉合率比較

CXCL-13組hBMSCs劃痕面積閉合率高于對照組,PI3K抑制劑組和Akt抑制劑組hBMSCs劃痕面積閉合率低于CXCL-13組,差異有統計學意義(P < 0.05或P < 0.01)。見圖1。

2.2 四組hBMSCs遷移率比較

CXCL-13組hBMSCs遷移率高于對照組,PI3K抑制劑和Akt抑制劑組hBMSCs遷移率低于CXCL-13組,差異均有高度統計學意義(均P < 0.01)。見圖2。

2.3 四組人PI3K、Akt、P-Akt蛋白含量比較

CXCL-13組人PI3K、Akt、P-Akt蛋白含量高于對照組,PI3K抑制劑組和Akt抑制劑組人PI3K、Akt、P-Akt蛋白含量低于CXCL-13組,差異均有高度統計學意義(均P < 0.01)。見表1。

3 討論

BMSC具有較強遷移到損傷組織的能力[8]。MSCs分泌活性因子可幫助MSCs避免免疫排斥[6]。星形膠質瘤細胞分泌CXCL-13在抗免疫中起重要作用[9]。CXCL-13具有召集細胞歸巢能力[10]。趨化因子是能促進細胞歸巢能力的肽類家族[11]。CXCL-13屬于趨化因子家族中的CXC亞科[12],CXCL-13與MSCs表面CXCR5受體結合,促進MSC成骨分化[13],還具有促進MSCs等干細胞分泌血管內皮生長因子(VEGF)等功能[14]。

本研究結果顯示,添加CXCL-13后,hBMSCs劃痕面積閉合率和細胞遷移率升高,提示CXCL-13能夠結合hBMSCs表面CXCR5受體,促進細胞運動,對招募MSCs等細胞定向趨化具有積極意義。CXCL-13在慢性關節炎的關節囊滑膜層結締組織中會明顯高表達,同時在滑膜層結締組織中發現嗜酸性粒細胞等免疫細胞大量集中,說明CXCL-13能夠招集淋巴細胞或白細胞等免疫性細胞歸巢[15]。乳腺癌等惡性腫瘤細胞分泌CXCL-13,可促進腫瘤細胞遷移[16-17]。本研究結果顯示,與CXCL-13組比較,PI3K抑制劑組、Akt抑制劑組hBMSCs運動能力降低,提示PI3K-Akt信號通路與CXCL-13對hBMSCs的作用有關。抑制PI3K抑制蛋白后,PI3K下游Akt、p-Akt蛋白表達明顯降低,而Akt抑制劑組與PI3K抑制劑組hBMSCs的PI3K蛋白表達比較,差異無統計學意義(P > 0.05),提示PI3K是CXCL-13作用于MSCs過程中Akt蛋白上游信號蛋白。CXCL-13與hBMSCs表面CXCR5受體結合,激活了PI3K蛋白激酶,上調Akt激酶,再依次活化下游雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)等 [18],最后引起微絲、微管收縮,啟動細胞運動[16,18]。CXCL-13能激活Erk通路,促進小鼠MCF-7乳腺癌移植瘤增殖和血管新生,加速乳腺癌血管轉移[19]。因此,不排除CXCL-13還會激活核因子(NF)-κβ、Erk、NIK信號通路[20],CXCL-13的分子機制還需要進行深入研究,關于CXCL-13能否對hBMSCs自噬發揮效應,還需要在細胞水平和分子水平進行深入驗證。

[參考文獻]

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(收稿日期:2020-02-26)

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